In tourism components are better known as 5 A’s of tourism, i.e. every tourism destination should have attraction, accommodation, activities, accessibility and amenities. Such components are explained below.
Attraction – Attractions are the pull factors which bring the tourists to travel to the destination. Attractions may be natural resources, man-made built environment, cultural and social features of a destination.
Accessibility – The facilities and modes of transportation to reach a destination are primary to a tourist destination. Having all other facilities at place, poor accessibility may mar the success of a destination.
Accommodation – The facilities of accommodation at a destination are very important as tourists need shelter for rest and night stay while they are on a tour. Varied forms of accommodations are hotels, lodges, resorts, inns, Dharmashalas, campsites, and youth hostels.
Amenities - Those facilities and services that tourist needs at a destination are considered as amenities. It is vital to the destination for the enhancement of the tourist footfalls.
Activities – This refers to events, congregations as part of business, sports or social and cultural gatherings such as fairs, festivals or the like. Of late, this segment has become very popular and has emerged as a distinct form of tourism.
Other basic components include :
Local residents - Tourism planning starts with an understanding of the need and demand of the locals. As an economic activity tourism should give due priority to the residents of the place.
Tourist - Tourists are the most important part of the tourism as the customer and end user of services. All procedures and systems are designed in order of the tourist needs and demands. Tourist is only reason of existence of the industry. Revenue for every service provider comes out of the spending of the tourists.
Infrastructure – It is important to have the basic structures and facilities at the destination for the tourist comfort. Better connectivity, road, electricity, bank, accommodation and restaurant services are some of the examples of tourist infrastructure.
Information - The success of tourism depends upon the management of information between the guest and service provider.
Governance – The success of tourism in a country largely depends on the role of public sector in governance. Government plays very important role in the planning and managing tourism activity, which decides the future of the destination.
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